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MBC in Press, published online ahead of print February 15, 2006
Mol. Biol. Cell 10.1091/mbc.E05-11-1090

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Submitted on November 30, 2005
Revised on February 2, 2006
Accepted on February 3, 2006

A "Holistic" Kinesin Phylogeny Reveals New Kinesin Families and Predicts Protein Functions

Bill Wickstead and Keith Gull

Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom

Monitoring Editor: Tim Stearns

Kinesin superfamily proteins are ubiquitous to all eukaryotes and essential for several key cellular processes. With the establishment of genome sequence data for a substantial number of eukaryotes, it is now possible for the first time to analyze the complete kinesin repertoires of diverse of organisms from most eukaryotic kingdoms. Such a ‘holistic’ approach using 486 kinesin-like sequences from 19 eukaryotes and analyzed by Bayesian techniques, identifies 3 new kinesin families, 2 new phylum-specific groups and unites 2 previously identified families. The paralog distribution suggests that the eukaryotic cenancestor possessed nearly all kinesin families. However, multiple losses in individual lineages mean that no family is ubiquitous to all organisms and that the present day distribution reflects common biology more than it does common ancestry. In particular, the distribution of 4 families -Kinesin-2, -9 and the proposed new families Kinesin-16 and -17 -correlates with the possession of cilia/flagella, and this can be used to predict a flagellar function for 2 new kinesin families. Finally, we present a set of hidden Markov models that can reliably place most new kinesin sequences into families, even when from an organism at a great evolutionary distance from those in the analysis.


Address correspondence to: Bill Wickstead (bill.wickstead{at}path.ox.ac.uk)




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