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A more recent version of this article appeared on June 1, 2006
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Submitted on February 6, 2006
Revised on March 23, 2006
Accepted on March 27, 2006
Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
Monitoring Editor: Howard Riezman
The anchors of mature glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored proteins of S. cerevisiae contain either ceramide or diacylglycerol with a C26:0 fatty acid in the sn2 position. The primary GPI lipid added to newly synthesized proteins in the ER consists of diacylglycerol with conventional C16 and C18 fatty acids. Here we show that GUP1 is essential for the synthesis of the C26:0-containing diacylglycerol anchors. Gup1p is an ER membrane protein with multiple membrane spanning domains harboring a motif that is characteristic of membrane bound O-acyl-transferases (MBOAT). Gup1
cells make normal amounts of GPI proteins but most mature GPI anchors contain lyso-phosphatidylinositol, others possess phosphatidylinositol with conventional C16 and C18 fatty acids. The incorporation of the normal ceramides into the anchors is also disturbed. As a consequence, the ER to the Golgi transport of the GPI protein Gas1p is slow and mature Gas1p is lost from the plasma membrane into the medium. Gup1· cells have fragile cell walls and a defect in bipolar bud site selection. GUP1 function depends on the active site histidine of the MBOAT motif. GUP1 is highly conserved among fungi and protozoa and the gup1 phenotype is partially corrected by GUP1 homologues of Aspergillus fumigatus and Trypanosoma cruzi.
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