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MBC in Press, published online ahead of print May 16, 2007
Mol. Biol. Cell 10.1091/mbc.E06-05-0450

A more recent version of this article appeared on August 1, 2007
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Submitted on May 23, 2006
Revised on April 16, 2007
Accepted on May 7, 2007

Quantitative Analysis of Membrane Remodelling at the Phagocytic Cup

Warren L. Lee,*{dagger}{ddagger} David Mason,* Alan D. Schreiber,{sect} and Sergio Grinstein*

*Programme in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, {dagger}Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, and the {ddagger}Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8 Canada; {sect}Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104

Monitoring Editor: Ralph Isberg

Nascent phagosomes, which are derived from the plasma membrane, acquire microbicidal properties through multiple fusion and fission events collectively known as maturation. Here we show that remodelling of the phagosomal membrane is apparent even before sealing, particularly when large particles are ingested. Fluorescent probes targeted to the plasma membrane are cleared from the region lining the particle before engulfment is completed. Extensive clearance was noted for components of the inner as well as outer monolayer of the plasmalemma. Segregation of lipid microdomains was ruled out as the mechanism underlying membrane remodelling, since markers residing in rafts and those that are excluded were similarly depleted. Selective endocytosis was also ruled out. Instead, several lines of evidence indicate that endomembranes inserted by exocytosis at sites of ingestion displace the original membrane constituents from the base of the phagosomal cup. The Fc{gamma} receptors that trigger phagocytosis remain associated with their ligands. By contrast, Src-family kinases that are the immediate effectors of receptor activation are flushed away from the cup by the incoming membranes. Together with the depletion of phosphoinositides required for signal transduction, the disengagement of receptors from their effectors by bulk membrane remodelling provides a novel means to terminate receptor signaling.

Address correspondence to: Sergio Grinstein (sga{at}sickkids.ca)




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