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MBC in Press, published online ahead of print January 16, 2008
Mol. Biol. Cell 10.1091/mbc.E07-07-0666

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Submitted on July 13, 2007
Revised on December 19, 2007
Accepted on January 4, 2008

Characterization of Differentiated Quiescent and Nonquiescent Cells in Yeast Stationary-Phase Cultures

Anthony D. Aragon,* Angelina L. Rodriguez,* Osorio Meirelles,{dagger} Sushmita Roy,{ddagger} George S. Davidson,{sect} Phillip H. Tapia,* Chris Allen,|| Ray Joe,* Don Benn,* and Margaret Werner-Washburne*

Departments of *Biology, {dagger}Math and Statistics, {ddagger}Computer Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131; {sect}Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque NM 87185; ||Department of Cytometry, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131

Monitoring Editor: Thomas Fox

Cells in glucose-limited S. cerevisiae cultures differentiate into quiescent (Q) and nonquiescent (NQ) fractions before entering stationary phase. To understand this differentiation, Q and NQ cells from 101 deletion-mutant strains were tested for viability and reproductive capacity. Eleven mutants that affected one or both phenotypes in Q or NQ fractions were identified. NQ fractions exhibit a high level of petite colonies and 9 mutants affecting this phenotype were identified. Microarray analysis revealed over 1300 mRNAs distinguished Q from NQ fractions. Q cell-specific mRNAs encode proteins involved in membrane maintenance, oxidative stress response, and signal transduction. NQ-cell mRNAs, consistent with apoptosis in these cells, encode proteins involved in Ty-element transposition and DNA recombination. More than 2000 protease-released mRNAs were identified only in Q cells, consistent with these cells being physiologically poised to respond to environmental changes. Our results indicate that Q and NQ cells differentiate significantly, with Q cells providing genomic stability and NQ cells providing nutrients to Q cells as well as a regular source of genetic diversity through mutation and transposition. These studies are relevant to chronological aging, cell-cycle, and genome-evolution and provide insight into complex responses that even simple organisms have to starvation.

Address correspondence to: Margaret Werner-Washburne (maggieww{at}unm.edu)






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