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Vol. 16, Issue 1, 178-192, January 2005

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Ypt31/32 GTPases and Their Novel F-Box Effector Protein Rcy1 Regulate Protein Recycling

Shu Hui Chen ^*, Shan Chen ^* , Andrei A. Tokarev, Fengli Liu , Gregory Jedd , and Nava Segev ^||

Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory for Molecular Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612

Submitted March 26, 2004; Revised October 7, 2004; Accepted October 26, 2004
Monitoring Editor: Vivek Malhotra

Ypt/Rab GTPases control various aspects of vesicle formation and targeting via their diverse effectors. We report a new role for these GTPases in protein recycling through a novel effector. The F-box protein Rcy1, which mediates plasma membrane recycling, is identified here as a downstream effector of the Ypt31/32 GTPase pair because it binds active GTP-bound Ypt31/32 and colocalizes with these GTPases on late Golgi and endosomes. Furthermore, Ypt31/32 regulates the polarized localization and half-life of Rcy1. This suggests that Ypt/Rabs can regulate the protein level of their effectors, in addition to the established ways by which they control their effectors. We show that like Rcy1, Ypt31/32 regulate the coupled phosphorylation and recycling of the plasma membrane v-SNARE Snc1. Moreover, Ypt31/32 and Rcy1 regulate the recycling of the furin-homolog Kex2 to the Golgi. Therefore, Ypt31/32 and Rcy1 mediate endosome-to-Golgi transport, because this is the only step shared by Snc1 and Kex2. Finally, we show that Rcy1 physically interacts with Snc1. Based on this result and because F-box proteins serve as adaptors between specific substrates and ubiquitin ligases, we propose that Ypt31/32 GTPases regulate the function of Rcy1 in the phosphorylation and/or ubiquitination of proteins that recycle through the Golgi.

^* These authors contributed equally to this work.

Present address: Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611.

Present address: Department of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790.

Present address: The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021.

^|| Corresponding author. E-mail address: nava{at}uic.edu.

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