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Originally published as MBC in Press, 10.1091/mbc.E05-12-1098 on July 19, 2006

Vol. 17, Issue 10, 4270-4281, October 2006

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Organization of the Integrin LFA-1 in Nanoclusters Regulates Its ActivityFormula

Alessandra Cambi*, Ben Joosten*, Marjolein Koopman{dagger}, Frank de Lange*,{ddagger}, Inge Beeren*, Ruurd Torensma*, Jack A. Fransen{ddagger}, Maria Garcia-Parajó{dagger},§, Frank N. van Leeuwen*, and Carl G. Figdor*

*Department of Tumor Immunology and {ddagger}Department of Cell Biology and Microscopic Imaging Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; and {dagger}Applied Optics Group and Department of Applied Physics and MESA+ Research Institute, University of Twente, 7522 NM Enschede, The Netherlands

Submitted December 2, 2005; Revised June 29, 2006; Accepted July 6, 2006
Monitoring Editor: Martin A. Schwartz

The beta2-integrin LFA-1 facilitates extravasation of monocytes (MOs) into the underlying tissues, where MOs can differentiate into dendritic cells (DCs). Although DCs express LFA-1, unlike MOs, they cannot bind to ICAM-1. We hypothesized that an altered integrin organization on the DC plasma membrane might cause this effect and investigated the relationship between membrane organization and function of LFA-1 on MOs and DCs. High-resolution mapping of LFA-1 surface distribution revealed that on MOs LFA-1 function is associated with a distribution in well-defined nanoclusters (100–150-nm diameter). Interestingly, a fraction of these nanoclusters contains primed LFA-1 molecules expressing the specific activation-dependent L16-epitope. Live imaging of MO–T-cell conjugates showed that only these primed nanoclusters are dynamically recruited to the cellular interface forming micrometer-sized assemblies engaged in ligand binding and linked to talin. We conclude that besides affinity regulation, LFA-1 function is controlled by at least three different avidity patterns: random distributed inactive molecules, well-defined ligand-independent proactive nanoclusters, and ligand-triggered micrometer-sized macroclusters.

Formula The online version of this article contains supplemental material at MBC Online (http://www.molbiolcell.org).

This article was published online ahead of print in MBC in Press (http://www.molbiolcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1091/mbc.E05-12-1098) on July 19, 2006.

§ Present address: Laboratory of NanoBioengineering, Parc Científic de Barcelona (PCB), Josep Samitier 1-5, 08028 Barcelona, Spain, and ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08015 Barcelona, Spain.

Address correspondence to: Carl G. Figdor (c.figdor{at}ncmls.ru.nl)

Abbreviations used: LFA-1, lymphocyte function–associated antigen-1; MO, monocytes; DC, dendritic cell; moDC, monocyte-derived dendritic cell; TEM, transmission electron microscopy.




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